# zzzeek/sqlalchemy

THIS IS NOT THE OFFICIAL REPO - PLEASE SUBMIT PRs ETC AT: http://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy

Repository: https://github.com/zzzeek/sqlalchemy
Canonical: https://ross.abutalabs.com/products/zzzeek-sqlalchemy
Homepage: https://www.sqlalchemy.org
Language: Python
License: MIT
License Family: permissive
Last push: 2026-08-26T16:47:26+00:00

## Health v2 (maintenance only)
Score: 77/100 (v2, computed 2026-09-03T02:20:16.233290+00:00)
- activity 99, release rhythm 35, longevity 100
- inputs: {"age_days": 4848, "days_push": 7, "days_rel": null, "gap_med": null, "n_releases_24m": 0}
- flags: no_releases
- formula: round(0.45*activity + 0.35*rhythm + 0.20*longevity); archived -> min(score, 10)

## Adoption (not part of the score)
Stars 3454, forks 862 (observed 2026-08-28T04:08:05.412481+00:00)

## What it is
SQLAlchemy is the Python SQL toolkit and Object Relational Mapper, providing both a Core SQL expression language with schema management and connection pooling, and an optional ORM built on identity map, unit of work, and data mapper patterns. It supports many database backends via dialects, including asyncio support and typed declarative mappings.

## Use cases
- map python classes to database tables with an orm
- build type-safe sql queries in python without writing raw sql
- manage database schema metadata and generate ddl
- connect to postgresql, mysql, sqlite, or oracle from python
- reflect an existing database schema into python objects
- use async database access in a python web app
- pool and manage database connections efficiently

## When to choose
- you need a mature, battle-tested orm or sql abstraction in python
- you want fine-grained control over generated sql while keeping pythonic ergonomics
- your application needs to work across multiple database backends
- you need schema introspection, reflection, or ddl generation

## When to avoid
- you want a lightweight query builder with no orm layer and prefer raw sql drivers
- you are using a non-python stack
- you need a schema migration tool only - use alembic, which builds on sqlalchemy, instead

## Facets
- artifact type: library
- maturity: stable
- function: orm, database, database-driver, serialization
- domain: databases, backend, web-development, developer-tools
- platform: python, cross-platform
- tags: sql-expression-language, connection-pooling, schema-management, asyncio, data-mapper, unit-of-work, dbapi

## Member repositories
- zzzeek/sqlalchemy (main) score 77

## Provenance
- Observed fields: from GitHub, fetched 2026-08-28T04:08:05.412481+00:00.
- Health v2: computed from the inputs above; adoption is never an input.
- Inferred fields (summary, facets, guidance): AI-extracted, prompt v1, taxonomy v1, on 2026-08-29T18:37:32.187299+00:00, confidence not recorded.
  - readme: https://github.com/zzzeek/sqlalchemy (fetched 2026-08-28T04:08:05.412481+00:00, sha 4cab00c710b0)
  - homepage: https://www.sqlalchemy.org (fetched 2026-08-29T09:31:28.654903+00:00, sha 12dd3644edcb)
  - site_page: https://www.sqlalchemy.org/features.html (fetched 2026-08-29T09:31:28.664137+00:00, sha 1aed45833c2f)
  - site_page: https://docs.sqlalchemy.org (fetched 2026-08-29T09:31:28.666333+00:00, sha 89c3a9f507dc)
  - site_page: https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/intro.html (fetched 2026-08-29T09:31:28.669907+00:00, sha 863869270304)
  - site_page: https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/orm/quickstart.html (fetched 2026-08-29T09:31:28.671899+00:00, sha e3f07adbaa7d)
  - site_page: https://www.sqlalchemy.org/docs/21/changelog/migration_21.html (fetched 2026-08-29T09:31:28.678289+00:00, sha 5349ee2ca4e5)
  - site_page: https://www.sqlalchemy.org/docs/21 (fetched 2026-08-29T09:31:28.682028+00:00, sha 79a6378ec549)
  - site_page: https://www.sqlalchemy.org/library.html (fetched 2026-08-29T09:31:28.668095+00:00, sha 2610adc06d4b)
  - site_page: https://www.sqlalchemy.org/changelog/CHANGES_2_1_0b3 (fetched 2026-08-29T09:31:28.674318+00:00, sha c2456e854992)
- Data as of 2026-08-30T08:39:29.467469+00:00.